Stone to Silicon

Transport & space · 1990

Hubble Space Telescope

A 2.4 m telescope above the atmosphere transforms astronomy.

Launched from Discovery in April 1990, Hubble's flawed mirror was corrected by a 1993 servicing mission. It helped pin the universe's age near 13.8 billion years and co-discovered accelerating expansion. Five Shuttle servicing missions kept it working for over three decades.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 2

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Objects launched into space Latest: 4.51k per year (2025) Source: Our World in Data

Payloads in low Earth orbit Latest: 14.5k objects (2025) Source: Our World in Data