Health & biology · 1865
Mendelian inheritance
Crossing about 28,000 pea plants, Gregor Mendel found traits pass on in discrete, countable units.
Mendel presented his results in Brno in 1865 and published in 1866, showing ratios like 3:1 in offspring. Ignored until rediscovered in 1900, his laws became the foundation of genetics and scientific plant breeding.