Stone to Silicon

Materials · around 2030

AI-driven materials discovery

Projection

Models propose new compounds and robotic labs synthesise and test them in days.

Machine-learned models of chemistry, trained on quantum simulations, screen millions of candidates for batteries, catalysts and magnets. Closed-loop labs would turn materials science from years of trial and error into weeks.

Why it’s plausible: Large AI-predicted crystal databases and early autonomous labs already exist; what remains is showing that predicted materials reliably synthesise and perform outside simulation.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 5

What it led to 2

Related measurements

Training compute of notable AI models Source: Epoch AI, Notable AI Models (CC BY 4.0)