Stone to Silicon

Communication · 1970

Low-loss optical fiber

Corning pulls glass so pure that light carries data for kilometres.

Charles Kao proposed in 1966 that purified glass could carry light signals, and in 1970 Corning's Maurer, Keck and Schultz made fiber losing under 20 dB per km. Fiber now carries over 95 percent of intercontinental data, with single cables moving hundreds of terabits per second.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 4

What it led to 3

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people Latest: 20.1 per 100 people (2025) Source: Our World in Data

Share of people online Latest: 73.6 % (2025) Source: Our World in Data