Computing · 2022

Frontier (exascale)

The first computer to exceed one exaFLOPS.

Oak Ridge's Frontier used AMD EPYC CPUs and Instinct GPUs to reach 1.1 exaFLOPS on the Linpack benchmark in May 2022. It opened exascale science in climate, materials and fusion.

See it in the living tree Wikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 3

High Bandwidth Memory 2013
Roadrunner 2008
GPU (GeForce 256) 1999

What it led to 1

Zettascale computing ~2035

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Fastest computer in the world Latest: 2.2×10¹⁸ operations per second (2026) Source: Wikipedia: List of fastest computers; Wikipedia: History of supercomputing

Fastest supercomputer Latest: 1.81B GFLOP/s (2025) Source: Our World in Data