Communication · 1794
Optical telegraph
Towers with movable arms relay coded signals across France faster than any horse.
Claude Chappe's semaphore line from Paris to Lille opened in 1794, with towers about 10 to 15 km apart read by telescope. A message could cross the country in hours, and France built a network of over 500 stations before the electric telegraph replaced it.
What it built on 2
What it led to 1
Related measurements
The dashed line marks when it first worked.
Telegrams sent in the UK Latest: 5.7M telegrams per year (1983) Source: Our World in Data