Stone to Silicon

Energy · 1998

Shale gas revolution

Slickwater fracking of the Barnett Shale unlocks vast tight gas and oil.

Mitchell Energy made slickwater fracturing of the Barnett Shale economic around 1998, and horizontal wells multiplied its reach in the 2000s. US oil output roughly doubled from 2008 to 2019, making the US the largest producer, and cheap gas displaced much US coal power.

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What it built on 2

What it led to 2

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Crude oil price since 1861 Latest: 435 current US$ per m3 (2025) Source: Our World in Data

Fossil fuel consumption Latest: 144k TWh (2025) Source: Our World in Data

World primary energy by source Latest: 178k TWh (2025) Source: Our World in Data