Transport & space · 1863
Underground railway
London's Metropolitan Railway runs trains beneath the streets.
The Metropolitan Railway opened in January 1863 between Paddington and Farringdon, carrying 38,000 passengers on its first day in gas-lit wooden carriages pulled by steam. Electrification from 1890 made deep-tube lines practical. Metros now carry over 50 billion riders a year worldwide.
What it built on 1
Related measurements
The dashed line marks when it first worked.
UK railway network length Latest: 16.5k km (1993) Source: Our World in Data
Share of people living in cities Latest: 57.5 % (2025) Source: Our World in Data