Stone to Silicon

Transport & space · 1863

Underground railway

London's Metropolitan Railway runs trains beneath the streets.

The Metropolitan Railway opened in January 1863 between Paddington and Farringdon, carrying 38,000 passengers on its first day in gas-lit wooden carriages pulled by steam. Electrification from 1890 made deep-tube lines practical. Metros now carry over 50 billion riders a year worldwide.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 1

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

UK railway network length Latest: 16.5k km (1993) Source: Our World in Data

Share of people living in cities Latest: 57.5 % (2025) Source: Our World in Data