Energy · 1986

Vanadium flow battery

Energy stored in tanks of liquid electrolyte scales independently of power.

Maria Skyllas-Kazacos at UNSW patented the all-vanadium redox flow battery in 1986. Flow batteries last tens of thousands of cycles and suit long-duration storage; China's Dalian project reached 100 MW in 2022.

See it in the living tree Wikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 1

Voltaic battery 1800

What it led to 1

Cheap long-duration grid storage ~2032

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Cost of memory and storage Latest: Memory: 1.09k $/TB (2023) Source: Our World in Data