Artificial intelligence · 1997
Deep Blue
IBM's chess machine beats world champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match.
Deep Blue searched about 200 million positions per second with 480 custom chess chips. It won the 1997 rematch against Kasparov 3.5 to 2.5, the first defeat of a reigning world champion under tournament conditions. It became the defining public symbol of machine intelligence.
What it built on 2
What it led to 1
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Related measurements
The dashed line marks when it first worked.
Training compute of notable AI models Source: Epoch AI, Notable AI Models (CC BY 4.0)
Fastest computer in the world Latest: 2.2×10¹⁸ operations per second (2026) Source: Wikipedia: List of fastest computers; Wikipedia: History of supercomputing