Stone to Silicon

Artificial intelligence · 2022

PaLM

Google's 540-billion-parameter model explains jokes and reasons step by step.

PaLM was trained on 6,144 TPU v4 chips with Google's Pathways system. It showed breakthrough gains on reasoning benchmarks with chain-of-thought, and its successor PaLM 2 powered Bard from May 2023.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 3

What it led to 1

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Training compute of notable AI models Source: Epoch AI, Notable AI Models (CC BY 4.0)

ML hardware FLOP/s per dollar Source: Epoch AI, ML hardware (CC BY 4.0)