Stone to Silicon

Energy · 1975

Ethanol fuel program

Brazil's Proalcool runs a national car fleet on sugarcane ethanol.

Brazil launched Proalcool in 1975 after the oil shock, and flex-fuel cars from 2003 let drivers switch freely. Sugarcane ethanol now supplies roughly half of Brazil's light-vehicle fuel, the largest biomass transport fuel system anywhere.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 5

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Crude oil price since 1861 Latest: 435 current US$ per m3 (2025) Source: Our World in Data

World primary energy by source Latest: 178k TWh (2025) Source: Our World in Data