Stone to Silicon

Artificial intelligence · 2024

Reasoning models (o1)

Models trained with RL to think at length before answering.

OpenAI's o1, previewed September 12, 2024, used large-scale reinforcement learning to produce long private chains of thought. It reached 83% on AIME 2024 math problems (with consensus sampling) against GPT-4o's 13%, and opened a second axis of scaling beyond pretraining.

See it in the living treeWikipedia

Arcs above join it to what it stood on, arcs below to what it led to. The bar places this stretch on the tree's whole timeline.

What it built on 3

What it led to 12

Related measurements

The dashed line marks when it first worked.

Training compute of notable AI models Source: Epoch AI, Notable AI Models (CC BY 4.0)